As we will show in the present mini-review, lately there is an increased awareness regarding the connections that might exist between physical exercise and the cognitive status. In this way, it became clear that an emerging body of multidisciplinary literature proved the important influence of physical activity on various aspects of the brain superior functions, by using both human and non-human animal studies. These positive effects of exercise performing can be extremely varied and could include effects at the molecular or cellular level systems, as well as at the behavioural levels. Thus, various reports stated positive effects in this area of research, with exercising promoting from general adaptation and growth, preserving brain function, or enabling the brain to respond to future challenges to specific and mechanical aspects such as increasing central perfusion, increased blood volume into hippocampus or other indirect improved memory-related processes. However, there are still many unknowns and controversies in this area of research, with one possible solution to solve this aspect being a mutual agreement on a reduced battery of cognitive tests to use, in order to increase the reproducibility of results for future research.