Depressive disorder is a main nosological category represented by a wide range of symptoms and high frequency of occurrence. This heterogeneous entity makes it difficult to find a relationship between certain mood disorders between a clinical viewpoint and biological changes. Material and methods: We performed a retrospective study by investigating 3,245 cases with depressive disorder hospitalized in the University Clinic of Psychiatry Craiova during 2005 – 2009. Results: It can be noticed a linear increase of the number of cases with depression during the study period. Females of 40 – 60 years-old, urban residence and secondary education level seem to be the most exposed. Generally, patients had a good evolution. Discussions: We found highly significant difference of gender distribution according to the age of patients, area of residence, marital status, level of education, onset of the disease, severity of depression and number of admissions. Conclusions: Considering the continuous growing number of the cases of depressive disorder, the highlighting of vulnerability markers becomes an important desideratum.