In the last years, pharmacogenetics represents an important domain of research in psychiatry. As the most severe disorder in psychiatry, schizophrenia benefits by a large amount of studies that aim to evaluate genetic factors contributing to the inter-individual variation in clinical outcome of antipsy- chotic treatment. Studies of the elements of the dopaminergic system (for example, DR2, DR3) demonstrate some inconsistent results. Furthermore, pharmacogenetic studies concentrate upon the elements of the sero- tonergic system (serotonine receptors, especially 5HT2A, 5HT2C and 5HT1A, serotonin transporter – SERT, etc.) in order to investigate a possible association of some genetic polymorphisms and the anti- psychotic response.