Although it is clear that it will never be possible to perfectly replicate on an animal the entire complex human symptomatology of schizophrenia, the advantages of using these models is represented by the fact that the manipulation of a living animal in the researches on human disorders will, eventually, lead to a better understanding of their mechanisms, without the risk of causing harm to a potential patient. Additionally, the selected animals (e.g., rat) have a high taxonomic affinity with humans and therefore their reactions to a certain disease or treatment are physiologically similar to humans. In this way, the use of animals is based on a physiological and anatomical structural similarity between humans and animals. Thus, we present here the mechanistics for the generation of some animal models of schizophrenia in rats that are mainly based on the manipulation for the metabolism of the central neurotransmitters implicated (e.g., administration of ketamine or methionine), as well as the usage of various behavioural tests, which can be also used for the assessment of some memory, anxiety and depression-related behaviours. Some of our original results in this area of research are also presented.