Because of the connections between the nervous and endocrine systems it is thought that endocrine dysfunctions may interfere with affective disorders. The cause-effect relation between the endocrine and psychiatric components is not yet known. Objective: to asses the prevalence of affective disorders among patients with endocrine pathology and the relative risk to develop this type of psychiatric disease according with the endocrine gland involved. Method: 1512 patients: 732 from the psychiatric department and 780 from the endocrinological department. The diagnosis of affective disorders was made according to international classification system ICD-10 and DSM IV; the endocrine diagnosis was made according with the national guide-line for endocrine diseases. Results: Sex ratio- 1023 (67, 65 %) women and 489 (32, 35 %) men; mean age for the psychiatric patients was 48,082 ± 5.4 years and 43,843 ± 13.5 years for the endocrine patients; 673 (44.51 %) patients presented depression, 252 (16.67 %) patients presented mania and 341(22.55 %) others psychiatric disturbances; the prevalence of depression for pituitary group was 41.8 %, for thyroidal group 57 %, for parathyroidian group 50 %, for adrenal group 52.30 % and for gonad group 41,6 %; for mono- or bipolar mania the prevalence was 9.8 % for the thyroidal group, 1.07 % for adrenal group and 14.77 % for the gonad group; the odds ratio for depression in thyroid pathology was 5.87 and for adrenal pathology was 3.47; the odds ratio for mania was 2.97 for gonad pathology and 2.14 for thyroid pathology. Conclusion: the calculated risk for patients with different categories of endocrine pathology to develop affective disorders is significant for those with thyroid and adrenal disease for depression and for those with gonad and thyroidal disease for mania.